1. Mawu Oyamba Mwachidule
Balance block ndi gawo lofunika kwambiri la kupopera kwa mtengo, ntchito yake ndikulinganiza pulojekiti yopopera Kusiyanitsa kwa kusinthana kwa katundu panthawi yopita kumtunda ndi pansi, chifukwa mutu wa bulu umanyamulagudumu kulemerat pagawo lamadzimadzi lomwe limagwira gawo la pisitoni ndi kulemera kwa ndodo yoyamwa mumadzimadzi, komanso kukangana, kugwedezeka, kugwedezeka ndi katundu wina panthawi yopopera mpweya.Kulipira mphamvu zambiri: chifukwa cha mphamvu yokoka ya ndodo yoyamwitsa panthawi ya kutsika, mutu wa bulu umangonyamula mphamvu yokokera pansi.Sikuti injiniyo imafunikanso kulipira mphamvu, koma imagwira ntchito pagalimoto.Chifukwa katundu wa zikwapu zapamwamba ndi zotsika ndizosiyana kwambiri, galimotoyo imakhala yophweka kwambiri Kuwotcha, kuchititsa kuti makina opopera asagwire ntchito bwino.Pofuna kuthetsa mavuto omwe ali pamwambawa, chipangizo chogwirizanitsa chiyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito kuchepetsa kusiyana kwa katundu pakati pa zikwapu zapamwamba ndi zapansi, kuti zipangizozo zizigwira ntchito bwino.
Thekulemera kwa gudumuimalumikizidwa mokhazikika ndi crank ndi mabawuti amtundu wa "T".Ndi kuzungulira kwa crank, kuyenda kozungulira kumapangidwa.Kulemera kwakulemera kwa gudumukulemera kwake ndi 500-1500 kg.pa mwamba.M'makina opopera matabwa, mphamvu ya crank nthawi zambiri imagwiritsidwa ntchito pamakina olemera.Bowo la pansi ndilokulirapo, ndipo kutengera kwa katundu wosiyanasiyana kumapangitsa kuti chipikacho chikhale chosavuta kumasula.Ngati chipikacho chikang'ambika ndi kutsetsereka, chimayambitsa kupopa Ngozi monga zolumikizira zokhota, zong'ambika, ndi zopopera sizidzawononga kwambiri zida zamutu, komanso kuyika chitetezo chamunthu pachiwopsezo.Chifukwa chake, ndikofunikira kwambiri kusanthula zifukwa za kumasulidwa kwa chitsulo chopopera ndikutengera njira zofananira kuti muchepetse ngozi ndikuwonetsetsa kuti zida zopopera zimagwira ntchito bwino.
2. Chifukwa cha bawuti kumasuka
Zifukwa zazikulu za kumasulidwa kwa mtundu wa "T".mtedzapamene makina a mafuta akugwira ntchito ndi awa:
(1) Kusakwanira kudzaza kapena, molimba mtima, kuti chokoleti chiziyenda bwino, komamtedzakuyenera kukhazikika.Zovuta pakumanga ulusi zimaponderezedwa kwambiri.Yesetsani mwamphamvu kuthana ndi mayeso odzidalira pa ulusi.Pali mphamvu zambiri pankhani yolimbana mwamphamvu kuti mpikisano usamayesedwe.Sikophweka kumangitsa mabawuti, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti kulemera kwake kumasulidwe mosavuta.
(2) Pawiri pamakhala zolakwikamtedzaNjira yotsekera: Kutseka kwa mtedza kawiri ndi njira yodziwika bwino yoletsa kumasula ulusi pamagwiritsidwe apano.Ili ndi ubwino wa processing yabwino, kukhazikika ndi kudalirika, ndi disassembly yabwino ndi msonkhano.Imagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri m'mafakitale a petrochemical, processing ndi kupanga, koma imatha kukwaniritsa zofunikira pakumasula., Zotsatira zake sizili bwino pansi pa katundu wosinthasintha mobwerezabwereza kwa nthawi yaitali, chifukwa kugwirizana pakati pa zolumikizira zokongoletsedwa ndizovomerezeka, ndipo ulusi wamkati ndi ulusi wakunja pang'onopang'ono umagwirizana mwamphamvu panthawi yowonjezereka, ndipo ulusi wakunja umagwira ntchito. mphamvu yakunja ya Axial, yomwe imapanganso mphamvu yotsutsana ndi njira yomangirira, imalepheretsa bolt kumasula, motero imagwira ntchito yomangirira.Komabe, chifukwa cha kusiyana pakati pa bawuti ndi nati, katunduyo akusintha nthawi zonse pakugwira ntchito kwa zida, kotero kuti mphamvu yokhazikika pakati pa ulusi wamkati ndi wakunja imasintha, ndipo kugwirizana kwa ulusi kumakhala kotayirira pang'ono.Kutayikira uku kudzapitilira kuchulukana pakapita nthawi mpaka bolt itagwa.
(3) Ubwino wosayenerera wokonza ulusi Ubwino wokonza magawo a ulusi umakhudza kwambiri kulumikizana.Kusiyana kwa ulusi wamba sikufanana.Pamene kusiyana kwa ulusi kuli kwakukulu, kusiyana koyenera kumawonjezeka, kotero kuti ulusi usanayambe kumangiriza mphamvu sungathe kufika kuyembekezera, ndipo zimakhala zovuta kupanga kukangana kokwanira.Imathandizira kumasula ulusi pansi pa katundu wosinthasintha;pamene chilolezo cha ulusi chili chaching'ono, malo okhudzana ndi ulusi wamkati ndi wakunja amakhala wochepa, ndipo pansi pa katunduyo, gawo la ulusi limanyamula katundu wonse, kuchepetsa mphamvu ya ulusi ndikufulumizitsa kulephera kwa kugwirizana kwa ulusi. .
(4) Ubwino woyika sizimakwaniritsa zofunikira.Mukakhazikitsa, malo olumikizirana ayenera kukhala athyathyathya komanso oyera, ndipo kusiyana kwakukulu sikuyenera kupitilira 0.04 mm.Kupanda kutero, pulani kapena fayilo iyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito pakuwongolera.Ngati zinthu sizikupezeka, chitsulo chopyapyala chingagwiritsidwe ntchito kuti chilinganize.Ngati pali kuipitsidwa kwamafuta pakati pa malo awiri olumikizana, ma bolts a balance block sangamangidwe mwamphamvu, ndipo zimakhala zosavuta kumasula ndi kutsetsereka.
(5) Chifukwa cha zinthu zina, monga kugwedezeka kwa thupi pamene pulojekiti yopopera imayima ndi mabuleki, kusintha kwadzidzidzi kwa kuthamanga kwa downhole, etc., n'zosavuta kuchititsa kuti nati wa balance chipika kumasula.
3. Njira Zodzitetezera
Kupewa kumasulira kwa ulusi kugwirizana kwazolemera zamagudumu, njira zofananira zotsatirazi ziyenera kutengedwa kuchokera kuzinthu zitatu za mapangidwe, kupanga ndi kukhazikitsa.
(1) Kupititsa patsogolo njira ya preload Ndiko kuti, njira ya sayansi imagwiritsidwa ntchito pogwiritsira ntchito torque yomangirira yomwe imakwaniritsa zofunikira zake pazitsulo zomangirira kuti zitsimikizire kuti kugwirizana kwa ulusi kumakumana ndi mphamvu yofunikira isanayambe.Malinga ndi zomwe zimafunikira kulimbitsa ma torque olumikizira mabawuti, ma torque ovomerezeka olimba a M42-M48 mabawuti ayenera kufikira 312-416KGM.Malingana ndi zochitika za m'munda, ndi bwino pamene wrench ikudumpha pang'ono.
(2) Onjezani njira zotsutsana ndi kumasula Kuti mutsimikizire kuti zidazo zikugwira ntchito kwa nthawi yayitali, sikokwanira kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu yoyenera yokhazikika, ndipo njira zina ziyenera kuchitidwa kuti ma bolt asatuluke.Njira zodziwikiratu zoletsa kumasula zikuphatikizapo zinayi izi:
a.Kuthamanga kuti muteteze kumasuka.Njirayi ndi yofanana ndi njira yowonjezera mphamvu yowonjezera isanayambe.Powonjezera zowonjezera, zogwirizanitsa zimapanga kukanikiza kosalekeza, motero kumawonjezera mphamvu yothamanga pakati pa awiriawiri a ulusi kuti asazungulirane.Njira zodziwika bwino ndi izi: ochapira zotanuka, mtedza wapawiri, mtedza wodzitsekera, etc. Njira yotsutsa-kumasulayi ndi yosavuta kugwiritsa ntchito komanso yosavuta kusokoneza, koma ndi yosavuta kumasula pansi pa katundu wosinthasintha nthawi yayitali.
b.Mechanical anti-kumasula.Kuzungulira kwachibale pakati pa awiriawiri a ulusi kumaletsedwa powonjezera choyimitsa.Monga kugwiritsa ntchito zikhomo zogawanika, mawaya a serial ndi ma washer oyimitsa.Njirayi imapangitsa kuti disassembly ikhale yovuta, ndipo pini yoyimitsa imawonongeka mosavuta.
c.Riveting nkhonya kuti muteteze kumasuka.Kuwotcherera, kusungunula kutentha ndi ntchito zina zimachitika pambuyo potsitsa, zomwe zimawononga kapangidwe ka ulusi ndipo zimapangitsa kuti ulusiwo uwononge makhalidwe a kinematic pair ndikukhala mgwirizano wosalekanitsidwa.Zoyipa za njirayi ndikuti zitha kugwiritsidwa ntchito kamodzi kokha ndipo ma bolts ayenera kuwonongedwa kwathunthu pakuchotsa.
d.Structural anti-kumasula.Pogwiritsa ntchito ulusi wogawanika, ulusi wabwino ndi wobwerera kumbuyo umaphatikizidwa kukhala bolt imodzi, motero kusintha dongosolo lachiwiri la ulusi.Bawuti imodzi imatha kupindidwa kukhala mtedza wozungulira bwino kapena nati wozungulira mobwerera.Kumbali ina, kutseka wina ndi mzake, ndiko kuti, njira ya Down's anti-kumasula.
Pansi pa zovuta zogwirira ntchito, chifukwa cha kukopa kwanthawi yayitali kwanthawi zosinthika monga kugwedezeka ndi kukhudzidwa, nati yomangirira ndi mtedza wotsekera umakonda kumasuka, koma mtedza womangirira umagwiritsa ntchito torque yopingasa ku nati yotsekera ikabwezeretsedwa. ndi patsogolo., ndipo torque iyi idzalimbitsanso nati ya loko ku nati yomangirira, ndipo mtedzawo udzakhala wotseka wina ndi mzake kuti kugwirizana kwa ulusi kusamasule.Ulusi wa Down sufunika kuwonjezera zowonjezera.Zimangodalira mtedza awiri omwe ali ndi mbali zosiyana kuti alowe mu bawuti yomweyo, ndipo mtedzawo umakhala wotsekedwa wina ndi mzake.Opaleshoniyo ndi yophweka, yotetezeka komanso yodalirika, koma mawonekedwe a ulusi wamagulu pa ulusi wakunja ndi wovuta kwambiri.Zofunikira zaukadaulo wopanga ndizokwera.Mu chigawo chopopa chamtengo, chifukwa cha mphamvu ya kusinthana kwa katundu ndi kugwedezeka, kumasulidwa kwa mabawuti omangirira azolemera zamagudumundizofala kwambiri, ndipo kugwiritsa ntchito ulusi wa Down kuti muteteze kumasula kumatha kuthetsa vutoli bwino.
Nthawi yotumiza: Sep-16-2022