1. Mbiri Yopanga
Pa mafuta olemera kwambiri ku Xiaowa Oilfield, chipangizo chopopera chomwe chimagwiritsidwa ntchito chimagwiritsidwa ntchito pokumba. Kuti chiwongolero chikwere mmwamba, malo oimikapo mutu amafunika kukweza ndodo ya mafuta. Makina opopera akamatsika pansi pa mzati, mzati wamadzimadzi suloledwa kukwera mmwamba pamene pampu ikupopera, kotero kuti mkhalidwe wa mutu wa bulu umasintha. Pakutsika, sitimayo imagwira ntchito motsatira kulemera kwake, imagwira ntchito motsatira njira yogwirira ntchito, imalola kuti igwire ntchito yake, imagwira ntchito yake, imagwira ntchito motsatira mphamvu ya thankiyo, imagwira ntchito motsatira njira yogwirira ntchito, komanso sigwira ntchito m'ma tanker, osati motsatira njira yoyendetsera ntchito. Kugwira ntchito ndi manja popopera sikusiyanitsa kusalingana kwa chipangizo chopopera.
2. Zoopsa za Chida Chopopera Chosalinganika
Pamenezolemera zamawiloNgati sichili bwino, izi zimabweretsa zoopsa zotsatirazi:
(1) Kuchepetsa mphamvu ndi moyo wa mota. Chifukwa cha katundu wosafanana, mota yamagetsi imakhala ndi katundu wambiri mu stroke yokwera, ndipo chipangizo chopompa chimayenda ndi mota yamagetsi mu stroke yotsika, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti mphamvu iwonongeke ndikuchepetsa mphamvu ndi moyo wa mota yamagetsi.
(2) Fupikitsani nthawi yogwira ntchito ya chipangizo chopopera. Chifukwa cha katundu wosafanana, katunduyo mwadzidzidzi amakhala wamkulu komanso wamng'ono panthawi imodzi yozungulira crank, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti chipangizo chopopera chigwedezeke mwamphamvu ndikufupikitsa nthawi yogwira ntchito ya chipangizo chopopera.
(3) Zimakhudza kugwira ntchito kwabwinobwino kwa chipangizo chopopera ndi pompo. Chifukwa cha katundu wosafanana, liwiro lozungulira la crank lidzawonongeka, kotero kuti mutu wa bulu sudzagwedezeka mofanana mmwamba ndi pansi, zomwe zidzakhudza kugwira ntchito kwabwinobwino kwa chipangizo chopopera ndi pompo.
Pachifukwa ichi, chifukwa cha mavuto omwe amabwera chifukwa cha kusalinganika kwa chipangizo chopopera, kusintha ndi kulinganiza kwa chipangizo chopopera kwakhala ntchito yowonjezereka pa ntchito yopanga mafuta tsiku ndi tsiku m'dera lopangira mafuta. Chitsime chilichonse cha mafuta chiyenera kusinthidwa ndikulinganizidwa kamodzi kapena kawiri pachaka. Malinga ndi ziwerengero, mu 2015, kuchuluka kwa kusintha kolinganiza pamwezi m'dera logwirira ntchito kunafika nthawi 15 mpaka 20. Malinga ndi momwe zinthu zilili panopa pakusintha kolinganiza, kumafuna nthawi yayitali yotseka, zomwe zimakhudza kwambiri zitsime zamafuta olemera, zomwe n'zosavuta kuyambitsa kutaya madzi ndi kutuluka. , zitsime zomangika, ndi zina zotero. Chifukwa chake, ndikofunikira kupanga chipangizo chomwe chingafupikitse nthawi yolinganiza chipangizo chopopera.
3. Yankho
Pakadali pano, kusintha kulemera kwa balance ya chipangizo chopopera ndiko kusintha crank kukhala malo opingasa ndi brake, ndikugwiritsa ntchito chidacho kusuntha kulemera kwa balance kupita pamalo osankhidwa (Chithunzi 1). Malo opingasa a crank amasankhidwa chifukwa njira yolunjika ya kulemera kwa balance imakhudzidwa kokha ndi kulemera kwa balance kulemera ndi mphamvu yothandizira ya crank kupita ku balance kulemera. Palibe mphamvu mu mbali yopingasa, ndipo ili mu mkhalidwe wosasinthasintha. Pakadali pano, mphamvu yakunja imagwiritsidwa ntchito kukankhira balance block kupita pamalo osankhidwa, omwe ndi opulumutsa kwambiri pantchito.
Poganizira malo a crank ya chipangizo chopopera, malo olunjika okha ndi malo ozungulira omwe angasankhidwe kuti asinthe malo ogwirira ntchito a kulemera kwa balance. Pambuyo pa kusanthula koyerekeza (Table 2), zimatsimikizika kuti chipangizo chogwiritsira ntchito chimagwiritsa ntchito malo olunjika. Malo okonzera atatsimikiziridwa ngati crank plane, njira yokonzera imasanthulidwa. Kudzera mu kumvetsetsa njira zokonzera zomwe zili pamsika komanso momwe crank ilili, zimadziwika kuti njira yokonzera ya chipangizo cham'manja imatha kusankha kulumikizana kwa ulusi ndi kulumikizana kwa clamp. Pambuyo pofufuza ndi kukambirana, zabwino ndi zoyipa za njira yokhazikika zinayerekezedwa ndikusanthulidwa (Table 4). Pambuyo poyerekeza ndi kusanthula kwa njira zomangira zitatha, njira yomaliza yokonzera imasankhidwa ngati kulumikizana kwa ulusi. Pambuyo posankha malo ogwirira ntchito a chipangizo cham'manja ngati malo opingasa, ndikusankha malo okhazikika ngati crank plane, ndikofunikira kusankha malo olumikizirana pakati pa chipangizo cham'manja ndi kulemera kwa balance. Chifukwa cha mawonekedwe a balance block yokha, mbali ya balance block ndi malo olumikizirana, ndipo chipangizo cham'manja chikhoza kukhala cholumikizana ndi pamwamba, pamwamba ndi pamwamba.
4. Kuphatikiza Zigawo
Zigawo za foni yam'manja ndi zotsatira zake zogwirizanitsa zikuwonetsedwa pachithunzi chili pansipa.
Thezolemera zomatira, kuyenda mobwerezabwereza mmwamba ndi pansi kumasinthidwa kukhala kuzungulira kwa zida zotumizira mauthenga mozungulira, ndipo malire a dzino lalikulu ndi lothandizira lotsekera mano, zimayendetsa lamba wa dzino kuti litambasulidwe, kuti akwaniritse cholinga cha "kukulitsa ndi kulimbitsa" (Chithunzi 3). Mu Seputembala 2016, kuyesa kwa ntchito yosintha malire kunachitika pa Well 2115C ndi Well 2419 ya Wa Shiba Station. Kuyesa kokhazikitsa kusintha malo a balance block m'zitsime ziwirizi kunatenga mphindi ziwiri ndi mphindi 2.5 motsatana (Table 9).
Kuchokera ku zotsatira za kukhazikitsa zitsime ziwiri (Chithunzi 4) zitha kuwoneka kuti chipangizochi chikukwaniritsa zofunikira pakupanga pamalopo, ndipo kusintha ndi kuyendetsa bwino ntchito kumakhala kosinthasintha komanso mwachangu, zomwe zimasunga nthawi ndi khama. Malo ogwirira ntchito amafunikira pakuwongolera kupanga: chifukwa cha kusintha kwakukulu kwa magawo opangira chitsime chamafuta olemera, chipangizo chopopera chiyenera kusinthidwa ndikulinganizidwa nthawi malinga ndi kusintha kwa katundu ndi mphamvu. Kukhazikitsa chipangizochi kumathandizanso kugwira ntchito kwa antchito ndikuchepetsa mphamvu ya ogwira ntchito. Chipangizo chonyamula mafuta chonyamula mafuta ndi chotetezeka komanso chodalirika kugwiritsa ntchito, chosavuta kugwiritsa ntchito, chaching'ono kukula, chopepuka kulemera, chosavuta kunyamula, chili ndi ntchito zambiri, ndipo chili ndi mtengo wotsika wopanga.
Pambuyo poti mayesowo apambana, gululo linachita kukwezedwa ndikugwiritsidwa ntchito mu gulu lachisanu ndi chitatu lopanga mafuta. Kuyambira Seputembala mpaka Okutobala 2016, ntchito yokonza bwino mafuta inachitika m'zitsime 5, zomwe zinatenga pafupifupi mphindi 21.5, ndipo zinakwaniritsa zotsatira zomwe zimayembekezeredwa komanso zabwino kwambiri.
5. Mapeto
(1) Chipangizochi chimachepetsa mphamvu ya antchito komanso chimawonjezera chitetezo cha ogwira ntchito.
(2) Limbikitsani kukonza chipangizo chopopera madzi, kupeza zoopsa zobisika ndikuchotsa zinthu zachilendo pakapita nthawi, kuti chipangizo chopopera madzi chizigwira ntchito bwino.
(3) Chipangizochi chili ndi ubwino wa kapangidwe koyenera, kupanga kosavuta, kugwiritsa ntchito kodalirika, kugwiritsa ntchito mosavuta pamalopo, ndalama zochepa komanso chitetezo chokwanira, ndipo chiyenera kukwezedwa ndikugwiritsidwa ntchito mosalekeza.
Nthawi yotumizira: Okutobala-13-2022
