Poyerekeza, chiwembu choyenera kwambiri cha makina ophatikizika a riyakitala yayikulu nati ofukula kuyeretsa makina akufunsidwa. Mabawuti akulu ndi mabawuti amatha kuyang'aniridwa ndikuthiridwa mafuta kamodzi kokha. Mfundo Yaikulu Mfundoyi imagwiritsa ntchito chofalitsa kuti chikweze bawuti molunjika polowetsa ndi kutsitsa. Mtedza umatsatiridwa ndi mfundo yogwira ntchito. Dziwani ndikuzindikira ndikupanga chithunzi chakukula kwa ulusi, mankhwalawo amakhala ndi zinyalala zochepa zotulutsa ma radio ndipo amakhala ndi malo ochepa. Zida izi zakhala zikugwiritsidwa ntchito bwino m'munda wamagetsi a nyukiliya, ndipo zimatha kukwaniritsa zofunikira za bolts zazikulu za chotengera chokakamiza.
Ena oyimilira alipo RPV bawuti yayikulu ndimtedzamakina ochapira ndi awa:
(1) Makina ochapira a CNNC Wuhan Nuclear Power Operation Technology Co., Ltd. (amene amatchedwa CNPO) amatengera mtundu wopingasa.
(2) Institute of Optoelectronic Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences utenga yopingasa kuyeretsa , ndi zipangizo Integrated.
(3) China Nuclear Power Research and Design Institute imatenga kuyeretsa kolunjika.
1. Funso Lofufuza
Pambuyo poyendetsa chombo champhamvu cha nyukiliya chakhala chikugwira ntchito kwa nthawi yayitali, madontho amafuta ndi zonyansa zina pamabawuti akulundipo mtedza wakhazikika m'malo otentha kwambiri komanso othamanga kwambiri. Ngati sanatsukidwe mu nthawi, kumbali imodzi, zingayambitse kugwidwa kwa ulusi, ndipo kumbali inayo, zidzakhudza zoyendera zotsatila. kukhazikitsa, zomwe zimabweretsa kusokonezeka kwa ma sign ndi malingaliro olakwika. Kuyeretsa ma bolts ndi mtedza waukulu wa RPV ndi imodzi mwantchito zowonetsetsa kuti mabawuti akulu a RPV ali pamalo otetezeka komanso odalirika kwa nthawi yayitali. Chifukwa chake, ndikofunikira kuyeretsa bwino mabawuti akulu ndi mtedza wa RPV.
Pofuna kupititsa patsogolo luso la makina oyeretsera ndikukwaniritsa zofunikira za magetsi omwe ali ndi malo ocheperapo, madzi otayira ochepa komanso otetezeka kwambiri, atatha kufananiza mwatsatanetsatane, zimatsimikiziridwa kuti makina oyeretsera omwe ali ndi makina osakanikirana kwambiri ndi njira yabwino yothetsera vutoli.
Poganizira izi, tidapanga pawokha makina otsuka a RPV a bawuti ndi ma nut vertical kuyeretsa makina okhala ndi digirii yapamwamba kwambiri, yomwe imatha kumaliza kutsitsa ndikutsitsa nati, kuyeretsa bawuti ndi nati ndi kuyanika mpweya, komanso kuyang'anira makina a ulusi ndikuyika mafuta mu hoisting imodzi.
2. Mavuto Aakulu
Mu phunziro ili, pamaziko a cholowa chaukadaulo wamba ndi kukwaniritsidwa kwa chidziwitso cha makina otsuka opingasa ndikuwonetsetsa kuti kuyeretsa kumakwaniritsidwa, njira yoyeretsera imakongoletsedwa, ndi bawuti yayikulu ya RPV ndinati ofukulamakina otsuka okhala ndi digiri yapamwamba yodzipangira okha amapangidwa ndikupangidwa, makamaka kuphatikiza izi:
(1) Mapangidwe a njira yokwezera yolumikizira bolt.
(2) Mapangidwe a njira yokwaniritsira kutsitsa ndi kutsitsa mtedza.
(3) Mapangidwe a njira yokwaniritsira yoyeretsa nthawi yomweyo ma bolt ndi mtedza.
(4) Mapangidwe a njira yokwaniritsira yowunikira masomphenya a makina a ulusi.
(5) Kuwongolera dongosolo kukhazikitsa dongosolo.
3. Njira Yofufuzira ndi Njira
Makina otsuka a bawuti ndi nati woyimirira ali ndi ntchito yotsitsa ndi kutsitsa nati, kuyeretsa ulusi, kuyanika mpweya, kuyang'ana makina a ulusi wa bawuti, ndi kuthira mafuta.
Makina ochapira amaphatikizana kwambiri, ndipo mawonekedwe ake ndi awa: Chigawo chotsuka bawuti ndi mtedza chili pakati pa makina ochapira, ndipo pampu yamagetsi yochotsa zinyalala imakonzedwa kumunsi, ndipo tanki yosungiramo madzi ndi fyuluta ya makina oyeretsera amadzimadzi amayikidwa motsatana m'bokosi lakumanzere. , pampu ya maginito, thanki yamadzi otayira ndi fani ndi fyuluta ya mpweya wa pneumatic ndi makina otulutsa mpweya. Chigawo chotengera zithunzi chimayikidwa kunja kwa bokosi loyeretsera bawuti kuti liwunikenso masomphenya a makina a ulusi. Chojambula cha cantilever chimayikidwa pamwamba pa kabati, ndipo chophimba chowonetsera chomwe chimayikidwa kumapeto kwa cantilever chimagwiritsidwa ntchito pazida. Maboti amatsuka kumbuyo kwa bokosi kuti akhazikitse zida zowongolera. Chitseko chosindikizidwa chimayikidwa kutsogolo kwa bokosi loyeretsera bolt, ndipo galasi limayikidwa pakhomo kuti liwonetsetse kuyeretsa. Khomo losindikizidwa limapanikizidwa pazigawo za 3 kuti zitsimikizire kusindikiza (onani chithunzichi pansipa).
Ubwino waukulu wa makina otsuka awa ndi awa:
(1) Ntchito zonse zitha kumalizidwa pakukweza kumodzi.
(2) Mtedza ukhoza kukwezedwa ndi kutsitsa wokha.
(3) Tsukani mtedza ndi mabawuti oyimirira nthawi imodzi.
(4) Ili ndi ntchito yowunikira masomphenya a makina a ulusi ndikupanga chithunzi cha chitukuko cha ulusi.
Kachitidwe kachitidwe ka ubwino ndi ntchito zazikuluzikuluzi zidzafotokozedwa mwatsatanetsatane pansipa.
3.1 Kukweza Msonkhano wa Bolt
Msonkhano wa bawuti ndi mtedza umakwezedwa kuchokera mudengu losungiramo bawuti kupita ku thireyi yayikulu ya bawuti mkati mwa bawuti ndi makina otsuka mtedza kudzera pa chofalitsa chapadera chokhala ngati C (onani Chithunzi 2).
3.2 Kutsitsa ndikutsitsa mtedza
(1) Kapangidwe ka zida
The nati automatic loading and unloading unit imaphatikizidwa mkati mwa bokosi loyeretsa. Zimaphatikizapo makina oyendetsa bolt, makina okweza mtedza ndi makina obowoleza bolt.
Makina oyendetsa bolt amapangidwa makamaka ndi tray yayikulu ya bawuti ndi bolt drive geared motor.
Makina onyamulira mtedza amapangidwa makamaka ndi chojambula chachikulu chokonzera mtedza, chowongolera, chotsatira chotsatira, screw trapezoidal, axis optical axis ndi screw drive motor.
Makina omangira a stud amagwiritsidwa ntchito kukonza zomangira zazikulu m'bokosi. Ndi gawo laling'ono la theka la arc clamping ndipo limayikidwa mkati mwa bokosi loyeretsa.
(2) Zowona zenizeni
Kukweza ndi kutsitsa ma bolts, mtedza, mtedza, makina ogwira ntchito, amatha kukhala makina, amatha kuonetsetsa kuti ulusiwo ulibe kuwonongeka. . Pa nthawi yomweyi, ogwiritsa ntchito nthawi imodzi
Njira yochotsera nati ndi motere:
Bawuti yayikulu imazungulira mozungulira, singano imazungulira, nati imazungulira, singano imazungulira, kenako imazungulira mozungulira, imangozungulira, ndipo imatha kusuntha mozungulira, poyenda mozungulira, kalozera wamayendedwe amawuka ndipo bala imayendetsa kasinthasintha, Pangani injini yamoto motor motor motor motor motor motor mozungulira iwiri yokwera yofanana zoyenda mopanda slider tembenuza tembenuza tembenuza tembenuza tembenuza tembenuza tembenuza tembenuza slider awiri slider tembenuza tembenuzani Zungulirani ndi tembenuzani kuti mupewe kukhudza koyamba kwa nati mukapunthwa.
Mtedza umasweka kuchoka ku gawo lopangidwa ndi ulusi, bawuti yayikulu, bawuti yayikulu imazungulira, kuzungulira kogwira, ndi kusuntha, ndipo, ndikutsatira, ndi chipika cha slide, chimakankhira kukhudzana, kukankhira, kukankha chotsatira chotsatira chotsatira slide block block slide block. Pakalipano ntchito yodzipatula yokha ya mtedza waukulu watha.
Anaika pulogalamu ndi mosemphanitsa.
Kuyeretsa kumagawidwa mu ulusi woyeretsa wamkati wa mtedza waukulu ndi magawo atatu akunja a ulusi kuyeretsa bawuti yayikulu. Popeza mtedza waukulu umakhala pamwamba pa bolt yaikulu, pofuna kuteteza madzi oyeretsera akuyenda pansi pa mtedza waukulu kuti asawononge mabotolo otsukidwa, pambuyo poyeretsa ma bolts ndi mtedza, Bolts amawonjezera sitepe yotsuka.
(1)Kuyeretsa mtedza
Kuyeretsa mtedza kumatheka makamaka pogwiritsa ntchito burashi yotsuka mtedza ndi njira yonyamulira mtedza. Burashi yotsuka nati ndi mota yoyendetsa zimayikidwa pachivundikiro chapamwamba cha makina otsuka.
Burashi yotsuka mtedza imapangidwa makamaka ndi mutu wa burashi wotsuka, shaft yayikulu ndi silinda yothandizira. Mutu wa burashi wotsuka ndi mawonekedwe a centrifugal. Pamene si atembenuza, akunja envelopu awiri a kuyeretsa burashi ndi laling'ono kuposa m'mimba mwake wamkati wa mtedza. Pamene mutu wa burashi ukuzungulira, mpando wokonza burashi umatsegulidwa pansi pa mphamvu ya centrifugal, ndipo burashi ya nayiloni yomwe imayikidwa pampando wokonza ili pafupi ndi mtedza. Nati mkati ulusi pamwamba.
Mtedza usanatsukidwe, njira yokwezera nati imagwiritsidwa ntchito kukweza nati ndikulowetsedwa mumutu wa burashi wotsuka, kenako makina otsuka maburashi otsuka ndikuyamba kutembenuza mutu wa burashi. Pamene mutu wa burashi ukuzungulira, mtedza waukulu umayenda mmwamba ndi pansi pansi pa kayendetsedwe ka makina onyamulira, kuti ayeretse gawo lonse la ulusi.
(2)Kuyeretsa bolt
Chigawo chotsuka bawuti chimapangidwa makamaka ndi cholumikizira burashi, cholumikizira burashi, chida chachikulu chokonzera bawuti ndi chida chachikulu choyendetsera bawuti. Msonkhano wa burashi wodzigudubuza umalumikizidwa ndi ndodo ya pisitoni ya silinda yake yopindika kudzera mu ndodo yopukutira burashi. Ndodo ya pisitoni ya silinda ya burashi ikakankhidwira kunja, msonkhano wa burashi wopukutira umasuntha pafupi ndi gawo lopindika la bawuti yayikulu, ndipo ikabwezedwa, msonkhano wa burashi wopukutira umakhala kutali ndi bawuti yayikulu. Burashi yodzigudubuza yoyendetsa galimoto imayendetsa burashi yozungulira kuti izungulire mu pulley ya lamba.
Mukayeretsa mabawuti akulu, cholumikizira chachikulu cha bawuti chimayendetsa mabawuti akulu pa thireyi kuti azungulire, silinda yopindika imasunthira msonkhano wa burashi pafupi ndi ulusi wa magawo atatu a bawuti yayikulu, imayambitsa chowongolera burashi choyendetsa, ndipo burashi yodzigudubuza imazungulira pamwamba pa bawuti yayikulu. Kenako mabawuti akulu amatha kutsukidwa.
Panthawi yoyeretsa, makina oyeretsera amadzimadzi amapereka madzi oyeretsera ku chitoliro chamadzimadzi, ndipo ma nozzles angapo amayikidwa papaipi yamadzimadzi yopopera kuti ipoperani madzi oyeretsera pamwamba pa bolt.
4. Mavuto ndi Mayankho
Pakafukufuku ndi kapangidwe kake, pofuna kutsimikizira momwe zida zimagwirira ntchito, mayeso ambiri adachitidwa ndi bolt ndi nut simulation body pambuyo zidapangidwa, ndipo zovuta zina zidapezeka panthawiyi, ndipo mayankho ofananira adatengedwa.
(1) Kutayikira kwa bokosi loyeretsera
Popeza zida ndi mawonekedwe ofukula, izi zimayika patsogolo zofunikira pakusindikiza bokosilo. Panthawi yoyeretsa, zidapezeka kuti gawo lina lamadzi oyeretsera linaponyedwa mkati mwa khomo lopanda mpweya ndi chimango, kenako limatsikira pansi, ndikuyambitsa kutayikira. Chitani zotsatirazi pankhaniyi:
(2) Pa nthawi yonse yoyeretsa ndi kuyanika mpweya, fani imakhala nthawi zonse kuti iwonetsetse kuti mpweya wa mpweya mu bokosi loyeretsera ndi wotsika kuposa mpweya wa mumlengalenga ndipo umakhala wovuta kwambiri, zomwe zimalepheretsa kuchulukira kwa zinyalala zamadzimadzi ndi gasi mu bokosi, ndikutsimikizira kuti chitetezo cha ogwira ntchito.
(3) Pamwamba pazigawo zazitsulo zosapanga dzimbiri mkati mwa khomo losindikizidwa la bokosi loyeretsera limapopedwa ndi zokutira zapamwamba za hydrophobic, ndipo galasi lachitseko limathandizidwanso ndi chithandizo cha hydrophobic, kotero kuti madontho amadzi omwe amathiridwa pakhomo lotsekedwa panthawi yoyeretsa sangagwirizane ndi chitseko ndi galasi, potero kukonza madontho a madzi otsalira pakhomo.
(2) Kutsetsereka kwa bolt
Poyamba, thireyi yayikulu imatengera mawonekedwe omangira mbale za mphira pazigawo zachitsulo. Pamene torque yoyendetsa galimotoyo ndi yaikulu kwambiri, mphira ndi pansi pa ma bolts amazembera ndikugwira ntchito yoteteza.
Kumayambiriro kwa ntchito, madzi ankagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati njira yoyeretsera, ndipo kuyendetsa galimoto ya bolt yaikulu kunali kwabwino; mu siteji kenako, pambuyo sing'anga kuyeretsa m'malo ndi kuyeretsa madzimadzi kwenikweni ntchito mu zomera mphamvu nyukiliya, anapeza kuti bawuti waukulu sakanakhoza lotengeka ndi kuzembera. Pambuyo pounika, njira yoyendetsera bawuti yoyambirira inali yosavomerezeka chifukwa chamafuta oyeretsera.
Poletsa momwe amamangirira mbale ya rabala pazigawo zachitsulo pa bawuti yayikulu, ma plunge 4 ozungulira amayikidwa mwachindunji pathireyi yayikulu. Bolt yayikulu ikayendetsedwa, ma 2 spherical plungers amalowa pansi pa bawuti yayikulu, kuti azindikire kuyendetsa kwa bawuti yayikulu, ngati torque yoyendetsa ndi yayikulu kwambiri, chitetezo chitha kuzindikirika. Nthawi yomweyo, bolt yayikulu yoyendetsa servo motor ilinso ndi chitetezo cha torque. Pamene bawuti yayikulu yoyendetsa galimoto ipitilira mtengo wokhazikitsidwa, imayima ndikuyimitsa.
(4) Kuwumitsa mpweya sikuli bwino
Titakonza zolakwika, tidapeza kuti mabawuti sanali owumitsidwa ndi mpweya, ndipo zotsatira zake ziyenera kuwongolera.
Pophunzira njira yowumitsa mpweya wa zipangizozi, zinapezeka kuti kumayambiriro kwa ntchito, burashi ya bolt imangoyenda pafupi ndikuzungulira mofulumira pamene bolt imatsukidwa kuti ichotse madontho a pamwamba. Njira yowumitsa mpweya ikayamba, burashi ya bawuti imachoka pa bawuti, ndipo bawutiyo imawumitsidwa ndi mpweya wokha ndi jet yothamanga kwambiri ya mpweya woponderezedwa.
Pachifukwa ichi, wolembayo amawongolera njira yowumitsa mpweya. Pambuyo poyeretsa, pamene kuyanika kwa mpweya kumayamba, burashi yodzigudubuza imayandikira pafupi ndi bolt ndiyeno imazungulira mofulumira kuti ichotse madzi pamwamba. Pambuyo pa 1/3 ya mpweya wowumitsa mpweya, burashi yodzigudubuza imachoka pa bawuti ndikusiya kusinthasintha, kenako imapitirira Maboti amawumitsidwa ndi jet yothamanga kwambiri ya mpweya woponderezedwa.
Kuchita zatsimikizira kuti pambuyo kusintha, mpweya kuyanika zotsatira bwino kwambiri.
Nthawi yotumiza: Nov-17-2022
